The purpose of learning diary is to help in reflecting one's own learning process. In the same time it offers a medium for giving feedback to both directions: the tutor gets to know, what the students have learnt, what has been difficult, what kind of methods have worked well; on the other hand the students gets feedback about one's own learning (at least if one asks).
So in the beginning it's good to record the initial state of your own learning process: What are your expections? What do you know beforehand? What is your motivation?
On this base it is easy to record your own goals and invent own motivation, if it was missing. For what could I use these skills I expect to learn here?
During the process you can then set learning goals, for example based on the problems. What I should study on this week to solve this problem? What might be the goal of this problem? On the other hand, if the problem or the subject of the week doesn't feel meaningful, it is also worth of telling and considering, why it is so!
It's also important to evalaute the development of one's own learning process. What have I learnt? Have I reached the middle goals I set for myself? Did I invest any energy in this? It's worth of remembering that very often in learning one finds more new questions than gets answers for the old ones. The open questions should also be written down - and process them afterwords, maybe they get answers during this course.
Your own applications for the subjects are always great! They can even be used as examples to teach some difficult things. Also your own associations, how the new things are connected to earlier knowledge, analogies to real world, to other parts of computer science, or anything between earth and sky. Try always construct connections between separate fragments of knowledge, and create a whole view of the subject!
Your own feelings are also important. How do you feel learning this thing? Is it like walking on the swamp or can you see as flashes to the spheres of sky? Are you satisfied with your learning?
In addition you can solve extra problems, invent new problems, draw pictures, write poems, aphorisms... the forum is free and this time you have a listener!